Global Financial Integrity (GFI) has reported that Malaysia had an illicit financial outflow of US$291 billion (RM889 billion) in the period from 2000 to 2008. This is an enormous amount of money – equal to 150% of its 2009 GDP. Malaysia ranked fifth among countries with huge outflows. Critically, the first 4 countries are much larger economies like China, Russia, Mexico and Saudi Arabia. So, can Malaysia, a small economy, afford such a huge outflow?

Why is there such a big outflow from the country? Foremost, it must be ill gotten gains which need a safe haven such as a Swiss bank account. The ‘dirty’ money could be from corruption, kickbacks from contracts and other illegal means. The people that are involved are mainly politicians, government officials and other people in power. There is evidence that corruption is becoming more rampant in Malaysia. Transparency International’s ranking of how corruption-free Malaysia is has declined from position 36 in 2000 to 56 in 2010.

The Bumiputra policy has irked many business people in the country. Some of them feel that it is better to spread their eggs i.e. have some of their wealth stored outside the country. They do this in the guise of geographical diversification of their businesses. This also leads to an outflow of funds.

Malaysia’s income distribution is highly skewed. This means there is an inordinate number of high net worth individual in the country. These people are highly mobile and are likely to transfer some of their wealth outside the country.