The Big Brain Drain

Malaysia has a huge brain drain problem. The country’s human capital is haemorrhaging. A conservative estimate puts the number of Malaysians working outside the country as 1 million in 2010. This diaspora is large and expanding. One out of every five Malaysian with tertiary education has emigrated. The country aims to be a high income nation. But human capital is the bedrock of a high income economy. So, the irony is that Malaysia needs talent, but talent seems to be leaving.

Why is there such a big outflow of skilled people? There are two main reasons for this: the push and pull factors. On the domestic front, the push factors are corruption, social inequality, lack of religious freedom and educational opportunities and the government’s affirmative action policies. Outside, the pull factors are better career opportunities, better compensation and a better quality of life.

Singapore is the chief beneficiary of this brain drain. The island nation takes in about 57 of the total diaspora. Of this, 90% are ethnic Chinese. The Malaysian migrant community there has grown at a rate of about 6% over the last decade. Other receiving countries are Australia, Brunei, United States and United Kingdom.

Malaysia too has its immigrants. According to the 2000 census, 1.3 million or 5.9% of the country’s population are foreigners. As of this moment, that figure may have swelled to 4 million. But these are mainly uneducated and unskilled workers from Indonesia and Southern Philippines. They are encouraged to settle here to create racial dominance. So, for political expediency, the country has sacrificed quality for quantity. What can you say about that?